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17 CONVOCATION
ensuring proper domain skill development and capacity in competencies including
the assessment systems thereof. All the graduates are passing out based on this
edifice.
It is imperative to tackle climate change and to accommodate new technologies.
MARPOL is forward looking to enhance the protection of our planet and ocean.
MARPOL has had a positive impact on the marine environment, it has changed how
ships are designed and operated and has made a progressive difference to the
health of our oceans. The number of oil spills fell by over 50% through the last 50
years, MARPOL has banned the discharge of plastic garbage into the sea and
operational waste such as garbage and sewage cannot be disposed of at sea and
are strictly regulated. Air pollution rules have immensely cut the sulfur oxide
emission from ships.

Latest efforts focus on decarbonization of shipping and supporting the global fight
against climate change. The promotion of sustainable shipping and sustainable
maritime development, energy efficiency, new technology and innovation, maritime
education and training, maritime security, maritime traffic management and the
development of the maritime infrastructure: the development and implementation of
global standards will provide the institutional framework necessary for a green and
sustainable global maritime transportation system. Decarbonization, digitalization
and innovative technology including automation are key components of the road
map of the future in Shipping. However, the human element of safety and security is
kept foremost while traversing and managing the green transition to ensure a
sustainable planet for future growth.
Shipping – which transports about 90% of global trade – is, statistically, the least
environmentally damaging mode of transport, when its productive value is taken into
consideration. For example, the vast quantity of grain required to make the world’s
daily bread could not be transported any other way than by ship. Moreover, set
against land-based industry, shipping is overall a comparatively minor contributor to
marine pollution from human activities.

The Fourth Pillar - The Maritime Labour Convention, 2006
The Maritime Labour Convention, 2006 (“MLC, 2006”) establishes minimum working
and living standards for all seafarers working on ships flying the flags of ratifying
countries. It’s also an essential step forward in ensuring a level-playing field for
countries and ship owners.
Widely known as the “seafarers’ bill of rights,” the MLC, 2006 was adopted by
government, employer and workers representatives at a special ILO International
Labour Conference in February 2006. It is unique in that it aims both to achieve
decent work for seafarers and to secure economic interests through fair competition

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