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temperatures. Our experimental results consistently demonstrate a positive correlation
between BTC solubility and temperature. The precision of theoretical models, as
assessed by RMSD and RAD values, further validates their accuracy. The thermodynamic
analysis of the solution process, including enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs energy, not only
sheds light on BTC solubility but also offers guidance for applications in purification,
crystallization, and separation processes across industries.

In the final chapter, we focus on determining solubility parameters for the local anesthetic
drug Bupivacaine Hydrochloride (BH) in a range of pure solvents and binary solvent
systems. Experimental findings reveal a clear temperature-dependent trend in BH
solubility across all tested solvents. Theoretical models effectively correlate experimental
data, indicating excellent agreement. Thermodynamic insights derived from the Van’t
Hoff’s equation shed light on BH solubility, with significant implications for production,
purification, crystallization, and separation processes involving BH.

Keywords: Solubility, The modified Apelblat model, The Buchowski-Ksiazczak (λh) model,
The Van’t Hoff model, The combined nearly ideal binary solvents/Redlich-Kister
(CNIBS/R-K) model, The Yaws model, The modified Jouyban-Acree model, Solution
Thermodynamics

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