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Ph.D.
(Science)
STUDIES ON PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF SOME
PHARMACEUTICAL INGREDIENTS

Ph.D. Scholar : Bhola Ravibhai Parbatbhai
Research Supervisor : Dr. Hasit V.Vaghani

Regi. No.: 20276461001
Abstract :
In this thesis, we embark on a journey through six chapters that delve deep into the realm
of physicochemical parameters, with a particular focus on solubility. In Chapter 1 and
Chapter-2, involves Introduction and Literature Review, and Experimental measurement of
solubility. Solubility, a fundamental property with wide-ranging applications, plays a
crucial role in various scientific and industrial domains, including drug formulation,
environmental analysis, materials synthesis, and beyond. This research involves
extensive experimental work, aiming to correlate solubility data with theoretical models
such as the Apelblat, the Buchowski-Ksiazczak (λh), Van’t Hoff, Yaws, Modified Jouyban-
Acree, and the combined nearly ideal binary solvents/Redlich-Kister (CNIBS/R-K) models.
Additionally, we explore the thermodynamics of solubility, encompassing enthalpy,
entropy, and Gibbs free energy, to gain insights into the dissolution process.
Chapter 3 shifts our focus to the solubility behavior of 2,6-bis(4-hydroxybenzylidene)
cyclohexanone (BHBC) in various pure solvents and a binary solvent system. The primary
emphasis is on understanding how temperature influences solubility. Our experimental
findings consistently demonstrate that solubility increases with rising temperatures, both
in pure and binary solvents. We identify noteworthy solubility peaks in solvents like
dimethyl formamide (DMF) and binary solvent mixtures, highlighting the potential
applications of BHBC in various fields. Furthermore, our theoretical models successfully
predict solubility, and a thermodynamic analysis reveals the non-spontaneous, entropy-
driven nature of the solvation process.
Chapter 4 meticulously investigates the solubility of Cefpodoxime Proxetil (CP) in a wide
range of pure solvents and binary solvent mixtures across varying temperatures. The
experimental results consistently show that CP solubility increases with temperature and
the presence of co-solvents. We identify notable solubility peaks, particularly in pure 1,4-
dioxane and binary solvent mixtures. Our theoretical models provide robust predictions,
and thermodynamic modeling reveals an endothermic and entropy-driven dissolution
mechanism, with implications for CP production processes.

Chapter 5 explores the solubility and solution thermodynamics of Benzethonium Chloride
(BTC) across a spectrum of pure solvents and binary solvent systems at various

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